Sunday, February 14, 2021

WEEKEND WRAP: Roles For Silver, Bitcoin, and Gold Have In A Global Currency Reset; Silver Market Price: $42.99

On Saturday, the Senate voted to acquit former President Trump on the sole article of impeachment in their show trial, allowing both houses of congress and the Biden administration to move forward with their objective goal of spending another $1.9 trillion that they don't have on another COVID-19 relief bill.

Stocks spent the week more or less in a holding pattern, making a move higher on Monday, but flattening out as the week progressed, especially Tuesday through Thursday. With the political focus now shifting to the relief bill in congress, stocks should rise and fall with the narrative from Capitol Hill. If the legislation appears likely to sail through congress intact, expect stocks to continue the corona rally that began in late March of last year. Any delays or roadblocks to full passage of the bill will be seen as negative for stocks and the economy overall.

Along with Republican defectors in the Senate, Democrats holding a majority in both houses should be able to breeze the bill through and onto Biden's desk in short order. While news outlets are calling for passage of the bill by March, judging by how expediently the Senate whipped through the sham impeachment, there is little doubt that a boost to the economy is an urgent priority for the free-spenders in congress.

Despite all the rhetoric addressed toward the "green" economy, the price of oil continued to mark higher during the week. WTI crude, closing out at $59.73 Friday on the NYMEX, is at its highest price since the last peak at the end of 2019. In the week ending December 23, 2019, WTI priced at $61.72. A move beyond the mid-60s would put the current price at levels not seen since 2018, when Oil reach the mid-70s.

What's driving the price of crude is the slowing of COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths, a narrative which is going to become pre-eminent as Spring arrives, with mass vaccination emerging as the hero. As usual, the mainstream media will shield the public from the ultimate truths regarding the entirety of the corona-crisis, but the effect will be a return to more normal lifestyles, with mask mandates and lockdowns out of the picture. The new powers-that-be need a robust recovery to cement their mental hold on the unsuspecting American public and nothing could be more poignant than an end to the scourge of the pandemic, for which Dr. Fauci and no doubt many legislators in Washington, DC and beyond will claim credit.

Whatever the scenario, putting the coronavirus episode behind will be a great relief to the general public, which only wishes to get on with living without overhearing government restrictions and dictates. Such an outcome would increase demand for oil and derivatives, especially heating oil and gas at the pump.

Bitcoin is on the verge of surpassing $50,000 as of this writing, topping out at $49,700 - a new all-time high - overnight Sunday. There's a very real possibility that $50,000 bitcoin could be a reality at the opening of US markets on Monday.

Treasuries continued to be under pressure, as the yield on the 10-year note exceeded a one-year high again, posting 1.20% on Friday. In affirmation, the 30-year bond yield rose to 2.01%, also a one-year high. Putting those numbers into perspective, all maturities have negative real yields, meaning holders are losing money against inflation. A five-year note loses 1.85% of value, while the 10-year is marginally better, losing only 1.01 in real, inflation-adjusted terms. the 30-year, at current valuation, loses only 0.16% annually.

Regardless on risk profile, investors must take note of this trend, which has been gathering momentum over the past year. As inflation expectations rise, and real price inflation in goods and services materializes, fixed income vehicles will struggle to keep pace via higher yields. With the treasury complex at the base, investors will be less inclined to hold these money-losing assets, leading to a vicious cycle of escalating rates and advancing inflation.

A meltdown in the bond market is an event multiple times more significant than a stock market rout and should be at the top of every astute investor's watch list. Money has been fleeing fixed income in search of higher returns, but that condition becomes exacerbated when price inflation becomes endemic. With the Federal Reserve turning its money-printing marathon into a sprint, the likelihood of a bust in treasuries poses a serious present danger to overall financial stability.

Precious metals continued to be supressed to a maximum degree, though signs of breakage in COMEX silver are beginning to emerge. Gold bounced higher midweek, jumping from the close on Friday, 2/5, of $1810.80, as high as $1843.40 before closing the week at $1,822.43, a far cry from the all-time high of $2063.68 this past August.

Silver took an alternate path, rising from $26.90 to $27.36 over the course of the week, most of the gains occurring on Monday and Friday, while slumping midweek. This particular pattern between gold and silver is remarkable, given the events for the prior two weeks. It suggests that not only has the COMEX and spot price regimes decoupled from the market price, but also from silver's counterpart in the gold COMEX complex.

If so, this could be a startling development, signaling a return of silver to a more reasonable and historically-relevant price in relation to gold. With the current gold:silver ratio at 66.66, it is still a good distance away from historical measures of 16:1, 12:1, or even the global mining ratio, currently estimated by First Majestic CEO Keith Neumeyer at 8:1. Movements in the GSR (gold:silver ratio) are often tiny and barely perceptible, but they may have larger impacts on the general economy than given credit.

Here are the most recent prices for common gold and silver items sold on eBay (numismatics excluded, shipping - often free - included):

Item: Low / High / Average / Median
1 oz silver coin: 36.32 / 53.90 / 42.40 / 41.48
1 oz silver bar: 38.14 / 55.00 / 44.21 / 43.85
1 oz gold coin: 1,945.23 / 2,050.00 / 2,002.22 / 2,006.29
1 oz gold bar: 1,945.23 / 2,304.95 / 1,997.00 / 1,948.36

According to established methodology, these figures put the new Single Ounce Silver Market Price Benchmark (SOSMPB) at $42.99, another increase, surging past last week's benchmark of $41.22.

What the eBay sales are broadcasting is that demand for all manner of gold and silver is reaching manic levels. Contributing to the runaway price of silver are the restrictions on volume purchases and shipping delays at online retailers. Many are still nearly out of stock, and certainly out of stock on the most popular items.

Further indication of the disconnect from COMEX spot price and real world market pricing is the silver dollar offerings from the US Mint, wherein ALL of their one ounce inventory is either unavailable, limited, or pre-order. The takeaway is that even at inflated prices - the lowest-cost one-ounce silver dollar is $67.00 (the currently unavailable West Point Silver Eagle) - Eagles and other silver dollar products from the mint are not to be had.

On eBay, sellers are bound by common practice to deliver within reasonable time frames, unencumbered by mass pricing which restricts dealer inventories and induces shipping delays. With that in mind, it is not inconceivable to believe that some dealers will begin adding premia to market prices for immediate delivery, should demand persist and supply remain slow-paced. If demand for 1,000-ounce silver bars, which are commonly used by COMEX, the LBMA, and industrial users increases substantially, one would normally expect a massive spike on the COMEX, though the rigging in that market has become so extreme as to necessitate purposeful mispricing, i.e., lying.

According to the Silver Institute, global demand is set for an eight-year high of 1.025 billion ounces in 2021.Given that this estimate is extremely conservative, $100 an ounce market price for finished one-ounce silver products by year's end is surely not out of the question.

All of the week-long activity in global markets leads to an unmistakable conclusion: that the world currency markets are closing fast on a global resturcturing, one that may already be underway and being taken advantage of by the best clandestine minds and investment houses, making the following quotation particularly prescient.

Gold is the world’s only monetary asset that has no counter-party risk, and is the only cross-nation, cross-language, cross-ethnicity, cross-religion and cross-culture globally recognized monetary asset.

-- Song Xin, Party Secretary and President of the China Gold Association, "Gold will Support Renminbi as it Moves to Join World," 2014. (Link is in Mandarin.)

It's easy to extrapolate the above statement to include silver and Bitcoin, making a triumvirate of monetary assets available to everybody on the planet as global fiat currencies such as the $US, euro, yen, pound, yuan, and franc continue to lose purchasing power at accelerating rates.

At the Close, Friday, Febraury 12, 2021:
Dow: 31,458.40, +27.70 (+0.09%)
NASDAQ: 14,095.47, +69.70 (+0.50%)
S&P 500: 3,934.83, +18.45 (+0.47%)
NYSE: 15,369.60, +72.52 (+0.47%)

For the Week:
Dow: +310.16 (+1.00%)
NASDAQ: +239.18 (+1.73%)
S&P 500: +48.00 (+1.23%)
NYSE: +72.52 (+0.47%)

Friday, February 12, 2021

Where We Go From Here

Life goes on.

Despite media-driven horrors of the mildest pandemic in recorded history and the absurdly restrictive commands of droning government officials, most people of the world have trudged along through 2020 and into the new year without too much difficulty.

A couple rounds of money from the government, along with rent and mortgage moratoria have helped ease the pain of job loss, sickness, loneliness, and the dehumanizing effects of social distancing, stay-at-home orders, and mask mandates.

Reported cases of COVID-19 are on the decline, as are hospitalizations and deaths. The official narrative is changing. Life is beginning to gradually return to normal. Within a few months time there may actually be fans in stadiums across America enjoying Major League Baseball (we are hopeful).

We've all gone through a rough patch. Its time to stand up, take stock, become resilient and self-reliant and look at ways to make change and ensure that something like the events of 2020 never happen again.

All America - or, for that matter, any country - needs to prosper are a stable economy, an honest media, and political leaders whose primary responsibility is to the welfare of the people. Regrettably, we presently have none of those and that needs to change, the sooner the better.

Restoring the economy will require a return to honest money, away from the fiat regime of the Federal Reserve and towards acceptance of bitcoin, gold, and especially silver as legal tender. According to the US constitution, a dollar equals 371.25 grains of pure silver, or 77.344 percent of a troy ounce. This will take time, effort, and probably a great deal of pain and suffering for the elitist establishment.

Fixing the media will require repudiation of mainstream narratives and a trend toward alternative news and opinion sources. This is already well underway, thanks, in large part, to the numbing, dumb-downing of televised network news and the advance of internet resources. What's needed is a backwards morphing of internet alternative media into radio and broadcast television.

Generating trust in political structures is by far the biggest challenge. America's leaders have failed, spectacularly. By and large, the interests of elected officials and the minions of the bureacracies they command have worked against the public for decades and must be repaired, replaced, and repealed.

Political institutions are badly broken. The 2020 US elections are the laughingstock of the world. Somehow, power was attained by people who conspired to rig the election of a fake president and to thwart the will of the people. Barring wholesale insurrection, the most efficient way to change the power structure in Washington, DC and in state capitols, county seats, and city offices is to ignore or undermine their commands, dictates, regulations, mandates and directives, first by the people, secondarily by those in unelected public service positions.

It will take time to undo the damage done by the corrupt politicians. Voting them out of office is not a viable option unless the voting system is dramatically changed. The major parties have a stranglehold on the process. Disregarding their elections will prove to be a more valuable tool towards dethroning the usurpers. Withdrawing consent by not participating, and promoting the fact that theirs are not mandated positions will prove a powerful weapon against tyranny.

Additionally, the tortuous ideas, memes, and concepts generated by a very small but vocal minority of racist, sexist, anti-American rhetoric needs to be put back in its place, on the fringes of society, not at the vanguard.

Together, Americans are strong. There are 330 million of us and only a few hundred of the oppressors in our nation's capitol. Remember that the next time some government goon tries to infringe upon your freedom, your inalienable rights, your liberty.

We can take back the country, but we must be vigilant and unbending in our resolve.

Not to get too far off track, but here's Vladimir Putin, sounding very much like a 70s-era moderate Democrat, humanist, and environmentalist, politely pooping all over the "Great Reset" agenda promoted by the World Economic Forum (WEF).

At the Close, Thursday, February 11, 2021:
Dow: 31,430.70, -7.10 (-0.02%)
NASDAQ: 14,025.77, +53.24 (+0.38%)
S&P 500: 3,916.38, +6.50 (+0.17%)
NYSE: 15,297.09, +23.19 (+0.15%)

Thursday, February 11, 2021

Slacker Nation: 793,000 File Initial Unemployment Claims; 20 Million Jobless; 150 Million Idle Americans

Here's the trouble with getting a job: You might lose it.

That's the reality 793,000 people reportedly ran into last week, as Americans continue to seek money from the government rather than work in either the private or public sectors.

And, that's the seasonally-adjusted number. The non-adjusted figure came in higher, at 813,145. What's troubling about these initial claims is that it appears some people were accepting unemployment back in March, at the beginning of the COVID crisis, went back to work, but have fallen out of employment again.

What else can explain the roughly 40-50 million initial claims filed from the end of March 2020 to the present, a run approaching a full calendar year. The number of people filing initial claims was as high as seven million, which occurred in March, at the onset of the pandemic. New weekly claims didn't fall below one million until August, and they've remained high - between 700,000 and 950,000 - ever since.

Averaged out, it's close to a million initial filings every week for about 46 weeks, so, overall, 46 million people filed since COVID-19 came along, which is stunning, as the US labor market is somewhere in the neighborhood of 145 million. Rouhgly a third of the entire labor market filed for unemployment in the past year. That's downright scary.

The latest press release from the Department of Labor [PDF] is a treasure trove of information, for whatever useful or useless purpose one may reference the data.

Another shocking number is the continuing claims figure, which jumped by 2,596,539 from the prior week, to 20,435,018. That's 20 million people aimlessly wandering around, not working, doing whatever unproductive people do.

Add to these figures, about 73 million kids under the age of 18, 13 million on welfare, another 45 million retirees, and you have over 150 million people in the US not doing much of anything, many of them receiving government checks on a regular basis. That's in a population of 330 million, so close to half of the country is not gainfully employed.

One may argue that the kids and the retired folks shouldn't be working anyway, but back in the formative years of the United States - well before child labor laws - it wasn't unusual for 10 and 12-year-olds to work, at least doing chores of the family farm. And retirement at any age didn't really become the norm until passage of the Social Security Act of 1935. As we used to say in the newspaper business: "we don't have a retirement plan; you're expected to work until you keel over at your desk."

So, one might add up all the reasons why the United States isn't quite as high and mighty as it once may have been, but anyone can point to the fact that much of the country's population doesn't do much, and, those in government jobs (20.2 million, approximately 14.5 percent of the workforce) may actually be doing work that contributes negatively to the growth of the nation, it's easy to see that America has become a nation of slackers.

Carry on... whatever it is that you're doing, or not doing.

At the Close, Wednesday, February 10, 2021:
Dow: 31,437.80, +61.97 (+0.20%)
NASDAQ: 13,972.53, -35.17 (+0.25%)
S&P 500: 3,909.88, -1.35 (-0.03%)
NYSE: 15,273.90, +29.50 (+0.19%)

Wednesday, February 10, 2021

Bonds. No Bonds.

Could it be over?

Could the fiat currency system be finally at an end?

Even if the fiat currency does survive until August, the 50th anniversary of President Richard M. Nixon's repudiation of the Bretton Woods agreement that US dollars could be redeemed in gold is tragically ironic for central bankers.

But, probably not. The majority of people still want to be paid in $US dollars, at least in the United States. And what may be the only thing standing in the way of a complete currency revaluation, or reset, is normalcy bias, the acceptance of what is commonplace today.

For now.

The future is usually murky, but it can be predictable, as in the case of the longevity of your run-of-the-mill fiat currency, which is about 37.5 years. The fiat $US dollar will turn 50 in August, along with every other currency it trades against. All of them. At some point, nobody will want to hold $US dollars or hold assets in $US dollars, or euros, pounds, looneys, yen, yuan, francs. It is at that point that the currency becomes not only worthless, but a burden upon the citizenry of the nation so cursed as to have, as a national basis, the devalued, debased currency, or, in a global meltdown, currencies.

It is at that point that the currency or currencies collapses and ceases, for all intents and purposes, to exist. We are not there yet.

But, we're getting closer.

The change will be sudden.

The charges of the world, the lackeys of the central banking cartel and government wonks will come up with some solution suitable to themselves, primarily, but their days are over. The world does not belong to Janet Yellen, Jerome Powell, Jamie Dimon, Christine Lagarde, Joe Biden. The true thought leaders in economics are Max Keiser, Mike Maloney, James Rickards, Willem Middelkoop, Michael Saylor, Elon Musk, the people working behind the scenes at PayPal, Stripe, and their ilk. Their day is arriving, if not now, then very shortly.

It's likely that the old guard will announce some new scheme incorporating the dollar, the yuan, yen, oil, gold, the World Bank's SDRs (Special Drawing Rights) wrapped into a cryptocurrency-like apparatus, to which many people of the world will respond, "sorry, we're going with gold, silver, and bitcoin." Many will have no choice, or believe they have no choice but to accept the government-sponsored currency. Having no choice and believing one has no choice are one and the same thing. Those people will be poor forever. Those enlightened to a new currency revolution will have choices and better lives.

Then, life will become so much more interesting, engaging, appealing. When people shake off the yoke of financial repression and control and begin to make strides for self-determination in economic fortune, then the world will turn in many positive ways.

The only alternatives to a debasing dollar for anybody trying to preserve asset value or purchasing power are precious metals and cryptocurrencies. Those have been explosive market segments of late, though the metals have been severely suppressed by global interests while Bitcoin remains unassailable, seemingly immune to the vicious verbal attacks from the likes of Janet Yellen and Christine Lagarde.

Which brings us to bonds, and why you should hold NONE in your portfolio. ZERO.

It's simple, really. Bonds are what finance everything in the fiat realm, from corporate stock buybacks to mortgages, car loans and money for the government. The Federal government is overspending at an astonishing pace. Last year's federal deficit was $3.1 trillion. This year's will be larger. Joe Biden and his Democrat pals in congress are hell-bent on spending $1.9 trillion that they don't have on a COVID relief package. The federal deficit is already $3.1 trillion, according to the US debt clock, but that may not be accurate. It’s probably closer to $700 billion, but we’re not even half way through the current fiscal year, which started October 1, 2020, and ends on September 30, 2021.

What is accurate is that the federal debt (government) grows by $2.7 million every minute. That's $162 million an hour, $3.888 billion a day. The total federal debt is currently $27.894 trillion. Another $106 billion in debt will move it past $28 trillion. That will occur in 27 days, or right around March 9 or 10, or right about the time congress approves another $1.9 trillion in a “relief” package, so, there's a very real chance that before the April 15 income tax filing deadline, the federal government's debt will be over $30 trillion.

Were American citizens to pay back that debt via taxes, it would amount to roughly $85,000 per person. If the government balanced its books and incurred no more debt, first, the economy would collapse, that's a given, but, in such an event, if every citizen paid back an additional $5,000 in taxes earmarked for the debt, it would take 17 years to pay it all off. Obviously, none of this is ever going to happen. It's as close to an impossibility as the moon crashing into the earth. There's probably a better probability of an asteroid hitting Washington, DC directly (wishful thinking).

Therefore, why would anybody hold a bond of any kind, when the return on even the safest, most reliable, is two percent (2.0%) and inflation is close to eight percent (8.0%) if not beyond that. A bond with a 2.0% yield would lose 6.0% in purchasing power every year and even more if inflation heats up further (it will). Over the course of 30 years, your total return becomes a worthless footnote in the pantheon of failed economic ideas.

Meanwhile, stocks are growing at 10-20-30% or more every year. Bitcoin tripled in the past three months. Silver is going to skyrocket over $100 within two years (market price already benchmarked at $41.22). Gold should be closer to $10,000 than $2,000 an ounce.

The only reason to hold a bond of any kind is if you want or need to lose purchasing power, and there's very few people who are so desirous. They are also likely to be delerious.

So, bonds? No. No bonds.

The federal debt is never going to be repaid. That's obvious. Likewise, many student loans are going to be either forgiven or left unpaid, defaulted upon. Mortgages, equity loans and lines of credit, credit cards, car loans, personal loans, payday loans and anything that has the word "loan" attached to it are going to go unpaid. Many people will go bust. The federal government is broke. Most banks are, if not already bankrupt, illiquid and close to insolvent.

The coming financial crisis is going to be like nothing anyone has ever seen before. There is going to be suffering on a scale unknown in human history. It's baked in, given the reckless policies of the federal government and the central bank, the Federal Reserve over the past 50 years. It's been a long time coming - since 1971, when the world abandoned what was left of the gold standard - but it's arriving sooner than most people can imagine.

Already there are signs of desperation. Covid (scam). Vaccines (extra scam). Lockdowns (unconstitutional). Lines at food banks. Fake president. Censorship. Currency direct from government to citizens for doing nothing. It cannot last much longer or the world will become enslaved to debt and central banks for generations.

The fiat era is nearly over, and as soon as the bond bust is realized, it will be apparent to just about everybody. The 10-year note currently yields about 1.15%. Figure the 10-year note at 1.65% to be the breaking point. That would put the 30-year at about 2.40-2.60%. When the 10-year note yields 1.25%, look out. If it continues past 1.40%, the end is near. After that, if you don't own bitcoin, gold, silver, real estate or some hard assets, you will be toast.

A currency revolution is the only answer. The revolutionary currency will be not one created by the people who promoted the crisis in the first place - the usual government and financial suspects - but a currency or currencies outside the banking system: crypto, gold, silver, barter.

The revolution has already begun. Join it.

On the cusp of a central banking beakdown, here's Max Keiser and Stacy Herbert nailing it as usual, along with a segment with Mike Maloney, who calls out the Fed for counterfeiting (which, in fact, is at the heart of central bank monetary policy).

At the Close, Tuesday, February 10, 2021:
Dow: 31,375.83, -9.97 (-0.03%)
NASDAQ: 14,007.70, +20.06 (+0.14%)
S&P 500: 3,911.23, -4.36 (-0.11%)
NYSE: 15,244.40, +17.80 (+0.12%)

Tuesday, February 9, 2021

Dow, NASDAQ, S&P 500, NYSE, Bitcoin All Rally To New All-Time Highs

Tom Brady showed the world a champion's mantle on Sunday, as he led the Tampa Bay Buccaneers to a 31-9 victory over the highly-overrated Kansas City Chiefs in Super Bowl LV (55).

In celebration of Brady's magnificence, stocks rallied Monday to new all-time highs.

While it might be suspected that stocks responding to the NFL's season-ending championship is just a wee bit of hyperbole, but any explanation for the rise in the price of stock indices must be taken with sufficient grains of salt.

Stocks are rising because the US dollar is nearly worthless. The Federal Reserve has conjured up so much fresh capital over the past year that it must seek a home in assets. The dollar's preferred place of residence these days is in stocks, and to a large extent, real estate, especially of the residential kind.

According to the Fed's own data, M1 money supply* increased by 66.5% in the 12 Months from December 2019 to December. 2020, and most of it was borrowed, or, in Fed-speak: borrowings from the discount window's primary, secondary, and seasonal credit programs and other borrowings from emergency lending facilities.

Non-seasonally-adjusted money in circulation (M1) rose from $4.04 trillion in December 2019 to $6.76 trillion in December 2020.

Why the big increase? Simple, because it was declining, and the Fed can't have a decline in he amount of currency out there lest it risk a stock market crash, defaltion, and additional purchasing power for the world's reserve currency. Rather, the Fed is hell-bent and committed to ever-rising levels of its currency in the world, all of it debt-based. Every dollar borrowed by the government, business, and individuals is owed to the Fed, and they want more. Certainly they are not done.

The catalyst for the most recent surge in money (currency) supply was, of course, the coronavirus crisis, which shuttered businesses, disrupted supply chains, shunted consumer spending and generally caused the economy to generally slow down. From December 2019 to February 2020, M1 shrank by more than $100 billion, making the timing of COVID-19 somewhat miraculous. The panic allowed to Fed to open the currency spigot full bore, spilling out all manner of lending facilities, thus creating a boom in stocks.

Everybody knows what happened. After stocks crashed in March, the money flow was so grandiose that the Dow gained (through Monday) 70% off the lows, the S&P, 75%, and the NASDAQ rocketed higher by 104%, and the Fed is not nearly through, continuing to borrow - adding to the balance sheet - $120 billion a month, of which $80 billion is in treasuries and $40 in mortgage-backed securities. They've committed to those levels of borrowing for the rest of the year, and, another thing everybody knows, they can't ever stop, or the economy would slow down and eventually collapse.

So, stocks are up not because companies are doing well (some are, many more aren't), but because there's too much currency chasing a limited amount of assets. Speaking of limited supply, median new home sales hit another new record in January of $330,225, up 10% from the same time a year ago. Nothing says stupid like buying a new home built with $6 2x4s and $40/sheet OSB (plywood).

Other things are going up in price as well, like Bitcoin, which advanced from $39,155 at 7:30 Monday morning to $48,200 by 2:00 am Tuesday all because it was revealed that Elon Musk's company, Tesla (TSLA), bought 1.5 billion worth of the world's leading cryptocurrency.

But, that's another story for another day. Let's just say it's more about value than price right now.

* M1 consists of (1) currency outside the U.S. Treasury, Federal Reserve Banks, and the vaults of depository institutions; (2) demand deposits at commercial banks (excluding those amounts held by depository institutions, the U.S. government, and foreign banks and official institutions) less cash items in the process of collection and Federal Reserve float; and (3) other checkable deposits (OCDs), consisting of negotiable order of withdrawal, or NOW, and automatic transfer service, or ATS, accounts at depository institutions, credit union share draft accounts, and demand deposits at thrift institutions. Seasonally adjusted M1 is constructed by summing currency, demand deposits, and OCDs, each seasonally adjusted separately.

At the Close, Monday, February 8, 2021:
Dow: 31,385.76, +237.52 (+0.76%)
NASDAQ: 13,987.64, +131.34 (+0.95%)
S&P 500: 3,915.59, +28.76 (+0.74%)
NYSE: 15,226.61, +157.01 (+1.04%)